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American patriotic song written by Julia Ward Howe

"Boxing Hymn of the Republic"
Audio sample
Cover of the 1863 sail music for the "Battle Hymn of the Commonwealth"
Lyrics	Julia Ward Howe, 1861
Music	William Steffe, 1856; bundled by James East. Greenleaf, C. Due south. Hall, and C. B. Marsh, 1861

"The Battle Hymn of the Commonwealth" as performed by the U.s.a. Air Force Ring file help

The "Battle Hymn of the Republic", also known as "Mine Eyes Have Seen the Glory" outside of the United States, is a popular American patriotic vocal past the abolitionist writer Julia Ward Howe.

Howe wrote her lyrics to the music of the vocal "John Chocolate-brown'due south Body" in November 1861 and first published them in The Atlantic Monthly in February 1862. The song links the judgment of the wicked at the end of the age (through allusions to biblical passages such as Isaiah 63:one–half dozen and Revelation fourteen:fourteen–nineteen) with the American Civil State of war.

History [edit]

Oh! Brothers [edit]

The "Glory, Hallelujah" melody was a folk hymn developed in the oral hymn tradition of camp meetings in the southern Us and first documented in the early 1800s. In the first known version, "Canaan'southward Happy Shore," the text includes the poetry "Oh! Brothers will you run into me (3×)/On Canaan'southward happy shore?"^[one] ^: 21 and chorus "At that place we'll shout and requite Him glory (3×)/For celebrity is His own."^[2] This developed into the familiar "Glory, celebrity, hallelujah" chorus by the 1850s. The tune and variants of these words spread across both the southern and northern United States.^[3]

As the "John Brown'due south Body" vocal [edit]

At a flag-raising ceremony at Fort Warren, most Boston, Massachusetts, on Sunday, May 12, 1861, the song "John Brown's Trunk", using the well known "Oh! Brothers" melody and the "Glory, Hallelujah" chorus, was publicly played "mayhap for the first fourth dimension". The American Civil War had begun the previous month.

In 1890, George Kimball wrote his account of how the 2d Infantry Battalion of the Massachusetts militia, known every bit the "Tiger" Battalion, collectively worked out the lyrics to "John Brown's Body." Kimball wrote:

We had a jovial Scotchman in the battalion, named John Chocolate-brown. ... [A]nd as he happened to conduct the identical name of the one-time hero of Harper's Ferry, he became at once the butt of his comrades. If he made his appearance a few minutes late among the working squad, or was a little tardy in falling into the company line, he was sure to be greeted with such expressions every bit "Come up, erstwhile fellow, you ought to exist at it if you are going to help us free the slaves," or, "This tin can't be John Dark-brown—why, John Dark-brown is dead." And then some wag would add, in a solemn, drawling tone, every bit if it were his purpose to give item emphasis to the fact that John Brown was really, actually dead: "Yes, yes, poor old John Brown is dead; his body lies mouldering in the grave."^[4]

According to Kimball, these sayings became by-words among the soldiers and, in a communal try — similar in many ways to the spontaneous composition of army camp meeting songs described above — were gradually put to the tune of "Say, Brothers":

Finally ditties composed of the most nonsensical, doggerel rhymes, setting for the fact that John Brown was dead and that his torso was undergoing the process of decomposition, began to exist sung to the music of the hymn in a higher place given. These ditties underwent various ramifications, until somewhen the lines were reached,—

"John Brown'south trunk lies a-mouldering in the grave,
His soul's marching on."

And,—

"He's gone to be a soldier in the army of the Lord,
His soul's marching on."

These lines seemed to give full general satisfaction, the thought that Brown's soul was "marching on" receiving recognition at once every bit having a germ of inspiration in it. They were sung over and over again with a smashing deal of gusto, the "Celebrity, hallelujah" chorus being always added.^[four]

Some leaders of the battalion, feeling the words were coarse and irreverent, tried to urge the adoption of more than plumbing equipment lyrics, simply to no avail. The lyrics were soon prepared for publication past members of the battalion, together with publisher C. Southward. Hall. They selected and polished verses they felt appropriate, and may fifty-fifty accept enlisted the services of a local poet to help polish and create verses.^[5]

The official histories of the former First Artillery and of the 55th Artillery (1918) also tape the Tiger Battalion's role in creating the John Brown Vocal, confirming the full general thrust of Kimball'due south version with a few additional details.^{[half dozen]} ^[7]

Creation of the "Boxing Hymn" [edit]

Kimball'south battalion was dispatched to Murray, Kentucky, early in the Civil War, and Julia Ward Howe heard this song during a public review of the troops outside Washington, D.C., on Upton Hill, Virginia. Rufus R. Dawes, then in control of Company "K" of the sixth Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, stated in his memoirs that the man who started the singing was Sergeant John Ticknor of his company. Howe's companion at the review, the Reverend James Freeman Clarke,^[eight] suggested to Howe that she write new words for the fighting men's vocal. Staying at the Willard Hotel in Washington on the night of November 18, 1861, Howe wrote the verses to the "Battle Hymn of the Republic."^[9] Of the writing of the lyrics, Howe remembered:

I went to bed that night as usual, and slept, co-ordinate to my wont, quite soundly. I awoke in the gray of the forenoon twilight; and every bit I lay waiting for the dawn, the long lines of the desired poem began to twine themselves in my mind. Having idea out all the stanzas, I said to myself, "I must get upwards and write these verses down, lest I autumn asleep again and forget them." And so, with a sudden effort, I sprang out of bed, and found in the dimness an old stump of a pencil which I remembered to have used the solar day before. I scrawled the verses nigh without looking at the paper.^[10]

Howe's "Boxing Hymn of the Commonwealth" was commencement published on the front end page of The Atlantic Monthly of February 1862. The 6th poesy written by Howe, which is less ordinarily sung, was non published at that time. The song was besides published as a broadside in 1863 past the Supervisory Committee for Recruiting Colored Regiments in Philadelphia.

Both "John Chocolate-brown" and "Battle Hymn of the Republic" were published in Father Kemp'south Old Folks Concert Tunes in 1874 and reprinted in 1889. Both songs had the same Chorus with an additional "Glory" in the second line: "Glory! Glory! Glory! Hallelujah!"^[11]

Julia Ward Howe was married to Samuel Gridley Howe, the famed scholar in instruction of the blind. Samuel and Julia were likewise active leaders in anti-slavery politics and potent supporters of the Union. Samuel Howe was a member of the Secret Six, the grouping who funded John Brownish's piece of work.^[12]

Score [edit]

"Canaan's Happy Shore" has a verse and chorus of equal metrical length and both verse and chorus share an identical melody and rhythm. "John Brown's Body" has more than syllables in its poetry and uses a more rhythmically active variation of the "Canaan" melody to suit the additional words in the verse. In Howe'south lyrics, the words of the verse are packed into a nevertheless longer line, with even more syllables than "John Brown's Body." The verse still uses the same underlying melody as the refrain, but the addition of many dotted rhythms to the underlying melody allows for the more complex poetry to fit the aforementioned melody as the comparatively short refrain.

1 version of the melody, in C major, begins every bit below. This is an instance of the mediant-octave modal frame.

$\relative c'' { \partial 16 g16 g8. g16 g8. f16 e8. g16 c8. d16 e8. e16 e8. d16 c4 c8. c16 a8. a16 a8. b16 c8. c16 b8. a16 \partial 2. g8. a16 g8. e16 g4} \addlyrics {Mine eyes have seen the glo– ry of the com– ing of the Lord: He is tramp– ling out the vin– tage where the grapes of wrath are stored; }$

Lyrics [edit]

Howe submitted the lyrics she wrote to The Atlantic Monthly, and it was start published in the Feb 1862 result of the mag.^[13] ^[14]

First published version [edit]

Mine optics accept seen the glory of the coming of the Lord;
He is trampling out the vintage where the grapes of wrath are stored;
He hath loosed the fateful lightning of His terrible swift sword:
His truth is marching on.

(Chorus)
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, celebrity, hallelujah!
Celebrity, glory, hallelujah!
His truth is marching on.

I have seen Him in the watch-fires of a hundred circling camps,
They have builded Him an altar in the evening dews and damps;
I can read His righteous sentence by the dim and flaring lamps:
His day is marching on.

(Chorus)
Glory, celebrity, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
His truth is marching on.

I have read a fiery gospel writ in burnished rows of steel:
"As ye bargain with my contemners, then with y'all my grace shall deal";
Let the Hero, built-in of woman, crush the serpent with his heel,
Since God is marching on.

(Chorus)
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Celebrity, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
His truth is marching on.

He has sounded forth the trumpet that shall never telephone call retreat;
He is sifting out the hearts of men before His judgment-seat;
Oh, be swift, my soul, to respond Him! Be jubilant, my anxiety!
Our God is marching on.

(Chorus)
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Our God is marching on.

In the beauty of the lilies Christ was built-in across the body of water,
With a glory in His bosom that transfigures you and me.
Every bit He died to make men holy, let u.s.a. dice to make men gratis,^[15]
While God is marching on.

(Chorus)
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, glory, hallelujah!
Celebrity, glory, hallelujah!
Our God is marching on.

* Many modern recordings of the "Battle Hymn of the Democracy" use the lyric "As He died to brand men holy, let us live to make men free" as opposed to the wartime lyric originally written past Julia Ward Howe: "let us die to make men free."^[sixteen]

Other versions [edit]

Howe'south original manuscript differed slightly from the published version. Near significantly, information technology included a final verse:

He is coming similar the celebrity of the morning on the wave,
He is Wisdom to the mighty, He is Succour to the dauntless,
So the world shall be His footstool, and the soul of Time His slave,
Our God is marching on.

(Chorus)
Celebrity, glory, hallelujah!
Celebrity, glory, hallelujah!
Glory, celebrity, hallelujah!
Our God is marching on!

In the 1862 sail music, the chorus ever begins:

Glory! Glory! Hallelujah!
Celebrity! Celebrity! Glory! Hallelujah!
Glory! Glory! Hallelujah!"^[17]

Recordings and public performances [edit]

The song is played by a US Ground forces marching band in the 1951 film The Tall Target shortly after a plot to electrocute President-elect Abraham Lincoln in April 1861, is foiled. This was several months before the song was really composed.
In 1953, Marian Anderson sang the vocal before a alive television audience of 60 million persons, circulate live over the NBC and CBS networks, as part of The Ford 50th Ceremony Show.
In 1960 the Mormon Tabernacle Choir won the Grammy Accolade for Best Performance by a Song Group or Chorus. The 45 rpm single record, which was bundled and edited past Columbia Records and Cleveland disk jockey Bill Randle, was a commercial success and reached #13 on Billboard'southward Hot 100 the previous autumn. It is the choir's but Meridian twoscore striking in the Hot 100.^[eighteen]
It's included forth with her performance of "Nosotros Shall Overcome" on Joan Baez in Concert, Function 2, live material recorded during Joan Baez' concert tours of early on 1963.
Judy Garland performed this song on her weekly television show in Dec 1963. She originally wanted to exercise a dedication prove for President John F. Kennedy upon his assassination, only CBS would not let her, so she performed the vocal without existence able to mention his proper name.^[19]
At Winston Churchill's funeral January 30, 1965. Churchill's favourite hymns were sung, including the "Battle Hymn of the Commonwealth".
Andy Williams experienced commercial success in 1968 with an a cappella version recorded at Senator Robert Kennedy's funeral. Backed by the St. Charles Borromeo choir, his version reached #11 on the adult contemporary chart and #33 on the Billboard Hot 100.^[20]
In the film Kelly's Heroes, Oddball is playing it (in the rain) as his tanks meet up with Kelly and the rest of the troops.
Anita Bryant performed information technology January 17, 1971, at the halftime evidence of Super Bowl 5.
Mormon Tabernacle Choir performed this song at the inaugural parade of President Ronald Reagan on January 20, 1981.
The vocal is one of the 3 American songs included in "An American Trilogy", a 1971 vocal medley written and performed by country composer Mickey Newbury. Newbury's song was popularized by Elvis Presley, who included information technology as a showstopper in his concerts. Presley recorded and issued "An American Trilogy" several times.
The song is included on the Real Ale and Thunder Band'south album At Vespers, recorded at St. Laurence's Parish Church building, Downton by BBC Radio Solent, eighteen November 1984.
Stryper recorded this song on their 1985 album Soldiers Nether Command.
It was performed in St. Paul's Cathedral on September xiv, 2001, every bit part of a memorial service for those lost in the September 11, 2001 attacks.^[21]
The Brooklyn Tabernacle Choir also sang this song at President Barack Obama's Second Presidential Inauguration Ceremony on January 21, 2013.
The Mother Bethel AME Church building Choir from Philadelphia performed this song during the opening day of the Democratic National Convention on July 25, 2016.^[22]
A U.S. military machine choir and band performed this song at the pre-inauguration ceremony of President-Elect Donald Trump on January 19, 2017, at the Lincoln Memorial.
The Naval Academy Glee Lodge performed this song on September 1, 2018, at the funeral of Sen. John McCain at the Washington National Cathedral.
A cover for the 2020 video game Wasteland iii performed by Joshua James was used during a fundamental fight section and in the official launch trailer.

Influence [edit]

Popularity and widespread utilize [edit]

In the years since the Ceremonious State of war, "The Boxing Hymn of the Republic" has been used frequently as an American patriotic song.^[23]

Cultural influences [edit]

The lyrics of "Battle Hymn of the Commonwealth" appear in Dr. Martin Luther Male monarch Jr.'s sermons and speeches, virtually notably in his speech "How Long, Not Long" from the steps of the Alabama Country Capitol building on March 25, 1965, subsequently the successful Selma to Montgomery march, and in his final sermon "I've Been to the Mountaintop", delivered in Memphis, Tennessee on the evening of Apr 3, 1968, the dark earlier his assassination. In fact, the latter sermon, Male monarch'south last public words, ends with the offset lyrics of the "Boxing Hymn": "Mine optics have seen the celebrity of the coming of the Lord."

Bishop Michael B. Back-scratch of Northward Carolina, after his election as the first African American Presiding Bishop of The Episcopal Church building, delivered a sermon to the Church's Full general Convention on July 3, 2015, in which the lyrics of the "Battle Hymn" framed the message of God's honey. After proclaiming "Glory, celebrity, hallelujah, His truth is marching on", a letter from President Barack Obama was read, congratulating Bishop Curry on his historic election.^[24] Curry is known for quoting the "Battle Hymn" during his sermons.

The inscription "Mine eyes accept seen the glory of the coming of the Lord" is written at the anxiety of the sculpture of the fallen soldier at the American Cemetery in Normandy, France.

The tune has played a role in many movies where patriotic music has been required, including the 1970 World State of war Ii war comedy Kelly'southward Heroes, and the 1999 sci-fi western Wild Wild Due west. Words from the first verse gave John Steinbeck's married woman Carol Steinbeck the title of his 1939 masterpiece The Grapes of Wrath.^[25] The championship of John Updike'southward In the Dazzler of the Lilies besides came from this song, every bit did Terrible Swift Sword and Never Phone call Retreat, two volumes in Bruce Catton's Centennial History of the Civil War. Terrible Swift Sword is also the proper noun of a lath wargame simulating the Boxing of Gettysburg.^[26] The song was used in the anime Girls und Panzer as the tune used when members of the American-inspired fictional Saunders University High School are seen moving in their various M4 Sherman variants.

Words from the second last line of the last verse are paraphrased in Leonard Cohen'south vocal "Steer Your Manner".^[27] Information technology was originally published equally a poem in the New Yorker mag.^[28] "Every bit He died to make men holy, let us die to brand men gratis" becomes "Every bit He died to brand men holy, permit us die to make things cheap".

In clan with football (soccer) [edit]

The refrain "Glory, glory, hallelujah!" has been adopted past fans of a number of sporting teams, well-nigh notably in the English and Scottish Premier Leagues. The pop utilize of the tune by Tottenham Hotspur can exist traced to September 1961 during the 1961–62 European Cup. Their first opponents in the competition were the Polish side Górnik Zabrze, and the Polish press described the Spurs team as "no angels" due to their crude tackling. In the return leg at White Hart Lane, some fans then wore angel costumes at the lucifer property placards with slogans such as "Glory be to shining White Hart Lane", and the crowded started singing the refrain "Celebrity, glory, hallelujah" every bit Spurs shell the Poles 8–1, starting the tradition at Tottenham.^[29] Information technology was released as the B-side to "Ozzie's Dream" for the 1981 Cup Final.

The theme was and then picked up by Hibernian, with Hector Nicol's release of the track "Glory, glory to the Hibees" in 1963.^[xxx] ^[31] "Glory, Glory Leeds United" was a pop chant during Leeds' 1970 FA Cup run. Manchester United fans picked it up every bit "Glory, Glory Man United" during the 1983 FA Cup Final. As a result of its popularity with these and other British teams, it has spread internationally and to other sporting codes. An example of its attain is its popularity with fans of the Australian Rugby League team, the South Sydney Rabbitohs (Glory, Glory to Southward Sydney) and to A-League team Perth Glory. Brighton fans gloat their 1970s legend by singing "Mine optics have seen the glory of the coming of the Lord, he played for Brighton and Hove Albion and his proper noun is Peter Ward, etc."

Other songs prepare to this tune [edit]

Some songs make use of both the melody and elements of the lyrics of "Battle Hymn of the Democracy", either in tribute or as a parody:

"Marching Song of the Offset Arkansas" is a Civil War–era song that has a similar lyrical structure to "Battle Hymn of the Republic". It has been described as "a powerful early statement of blackness pride, militancy, and desire for total equality, revealing the aspirations of black soldiers for Reconstruction as well as anticipating the spirit of the civil rights movement of the 1960s".^[32]
The tune has been used with alternative lyrics numerous times. The Academy of Georgia's rally song, "Celebrity Celebrity to Old Georgia", is based on the patriotic tune, and has been sung at American higher football games since 1909. Other higher teams also use songs ready to the aforementioned melody. One such is "Celebrity, Glory to Onetime Auburn" at Auburn Academy. Another is "Glory Colorado", traditionally played past the ring and sung subsequently touchdowns scored by the Colorado Buffaloes. "Glory Colorado" has been a fight song at the University of Colorado (Bedrock) for more than one hundred years.
In 1901 Marking Twain wrote "The Boxing Hymn of the Republic, Updated", with the same tune equally the original, as a comment on the Philippine–American State of war. Information technology was later recorded by the Chad Mitchell Trio.
"The Burning of the School" is a well-known parody of the song.^[33]
The United States Army paratrooper song, "Blood on the Risers", start sung in Earth State of war 2, includes the lyrics "Gory, gory" in the lyrics, based on the original's "Glory, celebrity".
A number of terrace songs (in association football game) are sung to the melody in United kingdom. Most frequently, fans chant "Glory, Celebrity..." plus their squad's name: the chants have been recorded and released officially equally songs past Hibernian, Tottenham, Leeds United and Manchester United. The 1994 World Cup official song "Gloryland" interpreted by Daryl Hall and the Sounds of Blackness has the tune of "Battle Hymn of the Republic".^[34] In Argentina the St. Alban'south one-time Pupils Assn (Old Philomathian Club) used the tune for its "Glory Glory Philomathians" too. While not heard ofttimes nowadays it is still a cherished song for the Onetime Philomathians.
In Australia, the most famous version of the vocal is used by the South Sydney Rabbitohs, an Australian rugby league club – "Glory Glory to Due south Sydney". The song mentions all the teams in the competition when the song was written, and says what Souths did to them when they played. Each poetry ends with, "They wear the Red and Dark-green".^[35]
The parody song "Jesus Tin't Play Rugby", popular at informal sporting events, uses the traditional melody under improvised lyrics. Performances typically feature a call-and-response structure, wherein 1 performer proposes an agreeable reason why Jesus Christ might be disqualified from playing rugby—e.m. "Jesus can't play rugby 'cause his dad volition rig the game"—which is then repeated back past other participants (mirroring the repetitive structure of "John Brown's Body"), earlier ending with the natural language-in-cheek annunciation "Jesus saves, Jesus saves, Jesus saves". A chorus may feature the repeated telephone call of "Free beer for all the ruggers", or, after concluding the terminal verse, "Jesus, we're merely kidding".^[36]
A protest song titled "Gloria, Gloria Labandera" (lit. "Gloria the Laundrywoman") was used by supporters of former Philippine president Joseph Estrada to mock Gloria Macapagal Arroyo later the latter assumed the presidency following Estrada's ouster from function, farther deriving the "labandera" parallels to alleged money laundering.^[37] While Arroyo did not mind the nickname and went on to use it for her projects, the Catholic Church took umbrage to the parody lyrics and called information technology "obscene".^[38]

Other songs simply use the melody, i.e. the melody of "John Brown'southward Body", with no lyrical connection to "The Boxing Hymn of the Republic":

"Solidarity Forever", a marching vocal for organized labor in the 20th century.^[39]
The canticle of the American consumers' cooperative movement, "The Boxing Hymn of Cooperation", written in 1932.
The tune has been used as a marching song in the Finnish war machine with the words "Kalle-Kustaan muori makaa hiljaa haudassaan, ja yli haudan me marssimme näin " ("Carl Gustaf's hag lies silently in her grave, and we're marching over the grave similar this").^[40]
The Finnish Water ice Hockey fans can be heard singing the melody with the lyrics "Suomi tekee kohta maalin, eikä kukaan sille mitään voi" ("Republic of finland will shortly score, and no one tin can exercise anything about it").^[41]
The Estonian song "Kalle Kusta" uses the melody too.
The popular folk trip the light fantastic "Gólya" ("Stork"), known in several Hungarian-speaking communities in Transylvania (Romania), as well as in Hungary proper, is set to the same tune. The same dance is found amidst the Csángós of Moldavia with a different tune, under the name "Hojna"; with the Moldavian melody generally considered original, and the "Boxing Hymn" tune a later adaptation.^{[ citation needed ]}
The tune is used in British nursery rhyme "Fiddling Peter Rabbit".^[42]
The melody is used in French Canadian Christmas carol called "Glory, Alleluia", covered by Celine Dion and others.^[43]
The tune is used in the marching vocal of the Assam Regiment of the Indian Army: "Badluram ka Badan", or "Badluram's Torso", its chorus being "Shabash Hallelujah" instead of "Glory Hallelujah". The discussion "Shabash" in Hindustani means "congratulations" or "well done".
The song "Belfast Brigade" using alternate lyrics is sung by the Lucky4 in support of the Irish Republican Army.
The song "Up Went Nelson", jubilant the destruction of Nelson'south Pillar in Dublin, is sung to this tune.
The Discordian Handbook Principia Discordia has a version of the vocal chosen Battle Hymn of the Eristocracy.^[44] It has been recorded for case by Aarni.^[45]
The Subiaco Football Club, in the Westward Australian Football League, uses the song for their team song. Besides, the Casey Demons in the Victorian Football game League too currently apply the song. The words accept been adapted due to the song mainly being written during the period of time they were chosen the Casey Scorpions and the Springvale Football game Society. As well as these two clubs, the W Torrens Football game Society used the song until 1990, when their successor social club, Woodville-West Torrens, currently use this song in the South Australian National Football League.
The Brisbane Bears, earlier they merged with the Fitzroy Football Gild, used the "Boxing Hymn of the Republic" in experiment mode before eventually scrapping it in favour of the original song.
The melody is used in the well-known Dutch children'south song "Lief klein konijntje". The vocal is nearly a cute footling rabbit that has a fly on his nose.
The tune is used as the theme for the Japanese electronics chain Yodobashi Camera.
The tune is used as a nursery rhyme in Japan as ともだち讃歌 ("Tomodachi Sanka").
The melody has been used every bit a fight song in Queen's University, named "Oil Thigh".^[46]

Other settings of the text [edit]

Irish composer Ina Boyle fix the text for solo soprano, mixed choir and orchestra; she completed her version in 1918.^[47]

Run across too [edit]

"Boxing Cry of Freedom"
"Belfast Brigade"
"Blood on the Risers"
Children's street civilisation
"Celebrity, Glory" (Georgia fight song)
"Solidarity Forever"
William Weston Patton
"Dixie", the Amalgamated equivalent.

References [edit]

^ Stauffer, John; Soskis, Benjamin (2013). The Battle Hymn of the Democracy: A Biography of the Vocal That Marches On. Oxford University Press. ISBN9780199339587.
^ Stauffer & Soskis 2013, p. 18.
^ Stauffer & Soskis 2013, pp. 26–27.
^ ^a ^b Kimball 1890, p. 372.
^ Kimball 1890, pp. 373–4.
^ Cutler, Frederick Morse (1917), The old Showtime Massachusetts declension arms in state of war and peace (Google Books), Boston: Pilgrim Press, pp. 105–6
^ Cutler, Frederick Morse (1920), The 55th artillery (CAC) in the American expeditionary forces, French republic, 1918 (Google Books), Worcester, MA: Commonwealth Press, pp. 261ff
^ Williams, Gary. Hungry Heart: The Literary Emergence of Julia Ward Howe. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1999: 208. ISBN one-55849-157-0
^ Julia Ward Howe, 1819–1910, vol. I, U Ppenn, June 1, 1912, retrieved July 2, 2010 . Encounter also footnote in To-Day, 1885 (v.three, Feb), p.88
^ Howe, Julia Ward. Reminiscences: 1819–1899. Houghton, Mifflin: New York, 1899. p. 275.
^ Hall, Roger L. New England Songster. PineTree Press, 1997.
^ Reynolds, David S. "John Dark-brown Abolitionist: The Man Who Killed Slavery, Sparked the Civil State of war, and Seeded Ceremonious Rights." Vintage Books, pp. 209–215.
^ Howe, Julia Ward (February 1862). "The Boxing Hymn of the Republic". The Atlantic Monthly. 9 (52): 10. Retrieved April 26, 2015.
^ Stossel, Sage (September 2001). "The Battle Hymn of the Democracy". The Atlantic Monthly . Retrieved April 26, 2015.
^ Howe, Julia Ward. Battle hymn of the democracy, Washington, D.C:Supervisory Committee for Recruiting Colored Regiments [n.d] "Boxing hymn of the Republic. By Mrs. Julia Ward Howe. Published by the Supervisory Commission for Recruiting Colored Regiments". Library of Congress . Retrieved June thirty, 2020.
^ "LDS Hymns #threescore". Hymns. Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints. Retrieved July 23, 2020.
^ 1862 sheet music https://www.loc.gov/resources/ihas.200000858.0/?sp=1
^ "Battle Hymn of the Republic (original version)". American music preservation. Retrieved July 2, 2010.
^ Sanders, Coyne Steven (1990). Rainbow's End: The Judy Garland Bear witness. Zebra Books. ISBN 0-8217-3708-2 (paperback ed).
^ Williams, Andy, Battle Hymn of the Republic (nautical chart positions), Music VF, retrieved June 16, 2013
^ julius923 (September 13, 2009). "Boxing Hymn of the Democracy – London 2001". Archived from the original on November two, 2021 – via YouTube.
^ "Meridian native leads choir opening DNC". Retrieved January 19, 2017.
^ "Civil War Music: The Battle Hymn of the Republic". Civilwar.org. October 17, 1910. Archived from the original on August 16, 2012. Retrieved August 5, 2012.
^ "Video: Presiding Bishop-elect Michael Curry preaches at General Convention Closing Eucharist". July 3, 2015.
^ DeMott, Robert (1992). Robert DeMott's Introduction to The Grapes of Wrath . USA: Viking Penguin. p. xviii. ISBN0-14-018640-9.
^ "Terrible Swift Sword: The Battle of Gettysburg – Board Game". BoardGameGeek. Retrieved August v, 2012.
^ "You Desire It Darker" Columbia Records, released Oct. 21, 2016
^ "New Yorker". The New Yorker. {{cite magazine}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
^ Cloake, Martin (Dec 12, 2012). "The Celebrity Celebrity Nights: The Official Story of Tottenham Hotspur in Europe".
^ "Hector Nicol with the Kelvin Land Dance Band – Celebrity Glory To The Hi-Bees (Hibernian Supporters Song) (Vinyl, vii", 45 RPM, Unmarried) – Discogs". Discogs . Retrieved March 22, 2019.
^ "Hector Nicol – Discography & Songs – Discogs". Discogs . Retrieved March 22, 2019.
^ Walls, "Marching Song", Arkansas Historical Quarterly (Winter 2007), 401–402.
^ Dirda, Michael (November half-dozen, 1988). "Where the Sidewalk Begins". The Washington Post. p. sixteen.
^ "Gloryland 1994 World Cup Song". YouTube. Archived from the original on Nov 2, 2021. Retrieved September 28, 2010.
^ "Rabbitohs Club Song". South Sydney Rabbitohs.
^ "Informationen zum Thema Shamrocks Rugby Volition Canton Rugby Chicago Rugby Manhattan Rugby". shamrockrfc.com. ^{[ dead link ]}
^ "Gloria doesn't mind 'labandera' tag". Philstar.com. Philstar Global Corp. May 5, 2001. Retrieved September 18, 2020.
^ Vanzi, Sol Jose. "PHNE: Concern and Economic system". world wide web.newsflash.org. Retrieved July four, 2020.
^ Steffe, William (1862). "Solidarity Forever: Melody – 'Battle Hymn of the Commonwealth'". Musica internet. Retrieved July ii, 2010.
^ Uppo-Nalle (1991), Suomen kansallisfilmografia (2004), on ELONET, National Audiovisual Archive and the Finnish Lath of Film Nomenclature, "Archived copy". Archived from the original on September 14, 2014. Retrieved September xiv, 2014. {{cite spider web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
^ "Varski Varjola – Suomi tekee kohta maalin (2011)". March 14, 2011. Archived from the original on November 2, 2021 – via YouTube.
^ Picayune Peter rabbit vocal (PDF), UK: Book trust, archived from the original (PDF) on November 2, 2013
^ "Céline Dion chante noël". www.celinedion.com. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
^ "Principia Discordia – Page xi". Principia Discordia.
^ "Aarni – The Boxing Hymn Of Eristocracy". October 23, 2011. Archived from the original on Nov two, 2021 – via YouTube.
^ "Oil Thigh". Queen's online encyclopedia. Queen'due south Webmaster. Retrieved October 16, 2020.
^ "Works with Orchestra". Retrieved December 14, 2016.

Sources [edit]

Kimball, George (1890), "Origin of the John Brown Vocal", The New England Magazine, new, Cornell University, i .

External links [edit]

Canvass music [edit]

Free sheet music of The Battle Hymn of the Republic from Cantorion.org
1917 Canvass Music at Duke University as part of the American Retentiveness collection of the Library of Congress
The Battle Hymn of the Democracy. Facsimile of start typhoon

Audio [edit]

"The Battle Hymn of the Republic", Stevenson & Stanley (Edison Amberol 79, 1908)—Cylinder Preservation and Digitization Project.
MIDI for The Boxing Hymn of the Republic from Project Gutenberg
The Battle Hymn of the Republic sung at Washington National Cathedral, mourning the September 11, 2001 attacks.
The brusque moving-picture show A NATION SINGS (1963) is available for free download at the Net Archive.

gardnerregged.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_Hymn_of_the_Republic

Gardner Regged